What did IMF records from 1944 to 1971 show about gold and the dollar?

"the announcement of the August 1971 decision to suspend convertibility of U.S. dollars to gold , or closing of the gold window , which ended the Bretton Woods system and ushered in the neoliberal era"

"Since the United States held about three-quarters of the world's official gold reserves, the system seemed secure."

"Existing accounts identify critical pressure on the U.S. gold supply after May 1971 international currency disruptions as a tipping point for this policy."

"Eventually, there were more foreign-held dollars than the United States had gold."

"There was every sign that the International Monetary Fund4 with which 48 nations muset clear any currency change, will have heavy work in coming days and weeks."

"In response, the London Gold Pool was formed on November 1, 1961."

"The fund's members must notify it 72 hours in advance of a proposed change in currency par values."

"From 1962 until the closing of the U.S. gold window in August 1971, the Federal Reserve relied on "currency swaps" as its key mechanism for temporarily defending the U.S. gold stock."

"The fund “concurred” in the devaluations of its members— Britain. Norway, Denmark, India, Australia, South Africa and Egypt."

"The gold parity of the Swiss franc will remain unchanged for the time being"

"By cancelling of the direct convertibility of the US dollar to gold in 1971 was broken one of the basic principles of Bretton-Woods system what meant its ultimate end."

"Negotiated in 1944 and effective from 1946, the system collapsed in 1971 because of two fundamental problems, the adjustment and the confidence problem."

"The exchange rate applied at the time set the price of gold at $35 an ounce (Steil, Benn, 2013: 449)."

"The United States played a significant role within this system whose long-range deficit of the balance of payments weakened the position of US dollar like major world currency and thereby the stability of entire system."

"Once implemented, its provisions called for the United States dollar to be pegged to the value of gold."

"e, before World War I, the US dollar had 1,50463 grams of pure gold while the British"

"The confidence problem emerged because the Bretton Woods system, against the will of its architects, turned into a gold dollar standard as a result of the economic and political supremacy of the USA."

"As the dollar became the world reserve currency, fueled by sizeable US balance of payment deficits in the 1960s"

"Despite the hastened solution of the problem of liquidity by emission of new reserve unit SDR it was impossible to avert the collapse of Bretton-Woods system."

"In 1971, the United States unilaterally suspended the convertibility of the dollar into gold, effectively ending the Bretton Woods system."

"With the loss of part of its own gold reserves, and the emergence of inflationary pressures, the US decided"

"Due to the threat of an imminent run on US gold reserves by foreign investors and central banks, President Richard Nixon suspended the gold convertibility of the dollar, thus effectively ending the basis of the Bretton Woods system."

"Although it was not Nixon’s intention, this act effectively marked the end of the Bretton Woods system of fixed exchange rates."

"la valeur du dollar US est directement indexée sur l'or (à 35 dollars par once troy [ 18 ] ), tandis que les autres monnaies sont indexées sur le dollar."

"Depuis, l'or est resté métal de réserve jusqu'à la suspension des Accords de Bretton Woods en 1971"

"Pendant la période 1939–1942, le Royaume-Uni dépense une grande partie de son stock d'or pour acheter des armes et munitions en « cash and carry » auprès des États-Unis et d'autres pays."