Which countries besides the US want people on Mars, and how are plans different?

"在2021年全球航天探索大会上， 中国运载火箭技术研究院 院长王小军表示中国计划在2033年、2035年、2037年、2041年、2043年展开载人火星探测任务"

"第二步是初级载人探测，目的是载人火星着陆和基地建设；最后一步是航班化探测，并建立地球-火星经济圈。"

"2030 / 2033 – a split mission that will culminate in the first human landing on Mars"

"A Russian official raised that prospect recently by suggesting that Russia and India could work together on sending cosmonauts to the Red Planet"

""If this [a crewed flight] takes place in the 2030s, then this will be the second half of the 2030s. Most probably, this will take place in the late 2030s,""

"The intertwined development of capabilities in the two strands will eventually result in Europe being able to play a key role in a future international human mission to Mars."

"But Sergey Kotov, a Russian consul, told students in the southeastern Indian city of Chennai that Russia could work with the Indian government on future space missions."

"The mission to the Red Planet will most likely be international, he said."

"This is Europe’s roadmap, and its implementation will take into account co-operation with international partners."

"Formed in 1969, India’s space program is young by world standards, and has never launched a manned flight."

"A manned flight to that planet is a long-term prospect and an expedition to the Moon will serve as a preparation for it, Krikalyov said."

"2024 – a human mission to the Moon to demonstrate key life support and habitation technologies"

"Like the U.S., however, a mission to Mars for either Russia or India is likely decades away."

"This means that the timeline will be updated regularly in order to take account of results generated within the programme."

"NASA outlined a plan in October for a manned mission to Mars, though NASA’s administrator has acknowledged that any mission likely won’t happen until the 2030s at the earliest."

"JAXA said the mission will also explore the possibility of using Phobos as a "natural space station" by establishing the requirements for a round trip—something "essential for crewed Mars exploration.""

"The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency's launch of the spacecraft Tuesday on a new Japanese mainstay H-3 rocket comes as the United States, China and others consider sending astronauts to Mars."

"China plans to launch its own Mars sample return mission in 2028."

"The uncrewed Martian Moons eXploration (MMX) probe, a collaboration with US and European space agencies, as well as numerous universities and tech companies, could also help lay the groundwork for eventual human exploration."

"Those involved hope that it will help lay the groundwork for eventual human exploration."

"scientists to consider using a Martian moon as a base for a future crewed mission to the planet"

"The mission would also explore the possibility of using Phobos as a “natural space station” by establishing the requirements for a round trip to Mars — something “essential for crewed Mars exploration,” JAXA said."

"Japan and China could end up neck and neck in returning samples from the Martian system, as both are targeting 2031."

"China's Tianwen-3 spacecraft is scheduled for launch around 2028 and hopes to return Mars samples to Earth as early as 2031—potentially before the Japanese mission's return."

"that can help future crewed Mars exploration."

"Meanwhile, China has announced its Tianwen-3 spacecraft is scheduled for launch in about 2028 and hopes to return Mars samples to Earth as early as 2031 — potentially before MMX."

"U.S. and Chinese space agencies have also been vying to be the first to return rock samples from Mars' surface back to Earth."

"Only the third module will return home, with the samples stored in a capsule."