Do serious books about old loans mention the Templars, and do they say 'banking'?
Research question: Which peer-reviewed monographs or journal articles on medieval credit mention the Templars, and do any of them use the word 'banking' for their activities?
The records show only one verified item, a 2015 article titled 'The election of Arnau de Torroja as ninth Master of the Knights Templar (1180): An enigmatic decision reconsidered' 1. It says Torroja was foremost among those responsible for the great wealth of the Arago-Catalan Templars, which let them lend large sums to monarchs and barons 1. The records do not say whether this article is peer-reviewed, and they do not show whether it uses the word 'banking' for Templar activities. No other monographs or articles on medieval credit are in the verified facts, so the question is only partly answered. The newest fact dates to 2015, about eleven years before October 2026 1.
Sources
"He was foremost among those responsible for the amazing wealth of the Arago-Catalan Templars at the end of the twelfth century, which enabled them to loan substantial sums to monarchs and barons alike."The election of Arnau de Torroja as ninth Master of the Knights Templar (1180): An enigmatic decision reconsidered (2015)